Hydraulic fluids - There are many grades of hydraulic fluids used for various purposes such as in
hydraulic brakes, hydraulic jacks, and hydraulic systems on forklifts, etc.
etc., are examples of special purpose oil.
PART C - GENERAL PETROLEUM TERMINOLOGY
insulating oils, temporary protective, liquid and compressed gases, chemical products, liquid coolants,
de-icing and antifreeze compounds, together with components/additives to such products. Class III is
broken down into two major groups:
Class III (Air). Petroleum and chemical products used in support of aircraft.
Class III W (Ground). Petroleum/chemical products used in support of ground and marine
equipment.
pipeline, rail tank car, tank truck, barge, tanker, and any other product stored in tanks or containers
having a capacity of 500 gallons or less and fuels in 500-gallon collapsible containers are considered to
be packaged.
Packaged petroleum fuels. Fuels that are stored, transported, or issued in containers having a
capacity of 500 gallons or less and in 500-gallon collapsible containers.
Packaged petroleum products. Petroleum products other than fuels (generally lubricants, greases,
and specialty items) that are stored, transported, and issued in containers having a capacity of 55 gallons
or less.
Modes of Transportation.
Pipelines - a line of pipe with pump stations, storage tanks, and accessory equipment, for the
movement of petroleum products.
Tanker - a sea going vessel for transportation of liquids. Coastal tankers have less draft (depth of a
ship below the water line) than ocean going tankers.
Tank cars - tank cars may be used to supplement pipeline transportation of petroleum products
when rail facilities are available. Generally, a tank car should be used exclusively to carry one grade
of product; if this is not possible, the car must be inspected and cleaned as necessary between loads
to avoid contamination. Tank cars vary in capacity and design. Those used for petroleum products
usually have one compartment and range in capacity from 6,000 to 16,000-gallons. Some tank cars,
however, have more than one compartment and may transport more than one product at a time.
Tank vehicles - used most often for petroleum distribution in the theater of operations. The U.S.
Army has two major types of tank vehicles: tank trucks and tank semitrailers. Tank semitrailers can
be further divided into two sub-types: fuel-servicing tank semitrailers and fuel-transporting tank
semitrailers. Fuel servicing means the vehicle is used not only to move fuel and transfer it to bulk
containers, but also to dispense fuel to combat vehicles, aircraft, and other containers. All fuel-
servicing tank semitrailers have filter/separators. Fuel transporting, on the other hand, means the
vehicle is used only to move fuel and transfer it to bulk containers. This type of semitrailer has no
filter/separator, hose reels, or dispensing nozzles.
Air. There are 3 main methods used to transport petroleum products utilizing aircraft.
Aerial Bulk Fuel Delivery System (ABFDS) - This system uses 3,000-gallon aerial pillow tanks
with pumping modules mounted on a modular platform (2 on a C-130, 3 on a C-141, or 10 on a
C-5A) to convert the aircraft quickly to an aerial tanker. This system has an off-load capacity of
1,200 GPM and can be off-loaded into trucks, bladders, other containers, and in extreme
emergencies, other aircraft.
Wet-Wing Defueling A means of transferring fuel from fixed-wing aircraft fuel tanks to
collapsible fabric tanks or tank semitrailers. This method allows the aircraft to carry an internal
load of dry cargo plus aviation turbine fuel without requiring addition aircraft to provide fuel
support.
External Loads. This method involves transporting petroleum in 500-gallon fabric drums using
sling loads. Using helicopters, this method enables obstacles to be overcome that hinder other
modes of transportation.
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QM 5092
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