5.
Categories of Petroleum Products.
a. Automotive fuels.
(1) MOGAS. Motor gasolines are fuels used in reciprocating gasoline engines. They are
characterized by having an extremely low flash point, which means that they are highly flammable. MOGAS is
simply the same gasoline that you put in your own automobiles. Automotive gasolines are procured under
Federal Specification VV-G-1690.
(2) Diesel fuels. Diesel fuel is a kerosene based fuel and is used specifically for diesel and turbine
engines. Diesel engines differ from reciprocating engines in the ignition source. Where gasoline engines rely on
a spark plug to ignite the fuel, diesel engines use the heat of compressed air to cause combustion. Therefore,
diesel fuels have a much higher flash point than automotive gasolines.
(a) Diesel fuel used on board ships can be used in a boiler engine or turbine engine. Diesel Fuel
Marine is procured under specification MIL-F-16884. It is used aboard ships at temperatures greater than 10
degrees Fahrenheit.
(b) Diesel fuel for automotive use is now regulated for sulfur content by the EPA. Low sulfur
diesel, (less than 0.05 percent) is now the standard diesel fuel for automotive use in the U.S. Military until the JP-
8 conversion is complete. is procured under specification VV-F-800.
(c) Diesel Fuel Arctic is used where mean ambient temperature is less than -25 degrees
Fahrenheit. It is used in high speed automotive engines and pot type burner space heaters.
(d) Diesel Fuel 1 (DF1) (Winter) is used for temperatures down to -25 degrees Fahrenheit. It is
used in medium speed stationary engines.
(e) Diesel Fuel (DF2) (Regular) is used in temperatures above 0 degrees Fahrenheit, high speed
automotive engines, and medium speed applications.
(3) JP-8:
(a) As a ground fuel, JP-8 bums hotter and cleaner than diesel in automotive engines.
(b) The conversion process is complete in Europe.
b. Aviation fuels.
(1) JP-4.
Primarily used by Army for aviation turbine engines.
Being replaced by JP-8.
Highly volatile - flash point less than -10 degrees F.
Straight run gasoline.
Low vapor pressure: 2-3 psi.
Clear to straw yellow in color.
22-5
QM5200
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