LESSON 20
PETROLEUM REFINING AND PROCESSING
Critical Tasks: 01-5103.30-2075
03-5103.00-0088
OVERVIEW
LESSON DESCRIPTION:
In this lesson plan, you will obtain a general knowledge of petroleum properties and refinery operations. You will
also learn about planning and the importance of knowing about all available fuel assets.
TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
ACTION:
You will learn about the three major refining processes, the three methods of separation,
the seven methods of conversion, and the treatment process.
CONDITIONS:
Using the corresponding lesson and listed references.
STANDARDS:
With at least 70 percent accuracy IAW NAVEDTRA 10883-B.
REFERENCES:
NAVEDTRA 10883-B
INTRODUCTION
Careful planning is required to meet the daily demands of a nation that depends on petroleum for three-fourths of
its energy supply, and to meet the increased demands in case of an emergency. One of the major problems in
World War II was meeting requirements for high grade aviation gasoline. As a result, the production of motor
gasoline was curtailed and civilian gasoline rationing instituted. While wartime changes in refinery yields results
in sacrifice on the part of civilian consumers, this ability to change the yield of a barrel of crude is a distinct
advantage in planning and meeting requirements. As a petroleum officer, you will not be responsible for the
conversion of civilian refineries for military use; however, you will be responsible for letting your "boss" know of
this important asset in planning fuel support. As such, you need a general knowledge of petroleum properties and
refinery operations.
1.
General Properties of Petroleum.
a. Petroleum is a mixture of naturally occurring hydrocarbons which may exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous states,
depending upon the conditions of pressure and temperature to which it is subjected. Almost all of the petroleum
produced from the earth is either liquid or gas, and commonly, these materials are referred to as either crude oil or
natural gas. Crude oil is the material most sought after of these naturally occurring hydrocarbons.
20-1
QM5200
Previous Page
