cause a drawdown of a stipulated depth. The usual units
Potable - (1) Water which does not contain any
of measurement are gallons per minute per foot and
objectionable substances or pollution and is
liters per minute per meter.
satisfactory for human consumption. (2) Water
that is free from disease-producing organisms,
poisonous substances, chemical or biological
Spring - A surface feature where water issues from a rock
agents, and radioactive contaminants which
or soil onto the land or into a body of water, the place of
make it unfit for human consumption and many
issuance being relatively restricted in size. Springs are
other uses. Potable water may or may not be
classified in accordance with many criteria, including
palatable.
character of water, geologic formation, or geographical
location.
water received directly from clouds as rain,
Total Dissolved Solids - All of the dissolved solids in a
snow, hail, and sleet; usually expressed as
water. TDS is measured on a sample of water that has
depth in a day, month, or year; and designated
passed through a very fine mesh filter to remove
as daily, monthly, or annual precipitation. (2)
suspended solids. The water passing through the filter is
The process by which atmospheric moisture is
evaporated and the residue represents the dissolved
discharged onto a land or water surface. (3) The
solids.
phenomenon which occurs when a substance
held in solution in a liquid passes out of solution
Treated Water - Water that has undergone processing
into solid form.
such as sedimentation, filtration, softening, or
disinfection and is ready for consumption. Included is
Product Water - This water is the product from
purchased potable water which is retreated (chlorinated
the water treatment process and is ready to be
or fluoridated). Does not imply potability until inspected
consumed (also called finished water).
by PVNTMED personnel and approved by the command
surgeon.
Rate of Flow - The volume of water per unit of
time which is passing a certain observation point
Water - A chemical compound consisting of two parts of
at a particular instant. Common expressions are
hydrogen and one part of oxygen and usually having
cubic feet per second, gallons per minute,
other solid, gaseous, or liquid materials in solution or
gallons per day, and million gallons per day.
suspension.
Raw Water - Untreated water; usually the water
entering the first treatment unit of a water
characteristics of water with respect to its suitability for a
purification unit. Water used as a source of
particular purpose. The same water may be of good
water supply taken from a natural or impounded
quality for one purpose or use and bad for another,
body of water, such as a stream, lake, pond, or
depending on its characteristics and the requirements
ground water aquifer.
for the particular use.
Reverse Osmosis - The application of pressure
Well - An artificial excavation that derives water from the
to a concentrated solution which causes the
interstices of the rocks or soil which it penetrates.
passage of a liquid from the concentrated
solution to a weaker solution across a
semipermeable membrane. The membrane
allows the passage of the solvent (water) but not
the dissolved solids (solutes). The liquid
produced is a demineralized water.
Runoff - (1) In the general sense, that portion of
the precipitation which is not absorbed by the
deep strata but finds its way into the streams
after meeting the persistent demands of
evapotranspiration. (2) That part of the
precipitation which runs off the surface of a
drainage area and reaches a stream or other
body of water or a drain or sewer.
Specific Capacity - The rate at which water may
be drawn from a formation through a well to
A-4
QM 4924
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