JP-4 (low vapor pressure), JP-5 (high flash point), and
JP-8.
Class III (POL) Petroleum fuels: lubricants,
hydraulic and insulating oils, preservatives,
kerosene A refined petroleum distillate used in space
liquid and compressed gases, chemical
products, coolants, deicing and antifreeze
heating units, in wick-fed lamps, bomb-type flares, for
compounds, together with components and
cleaning certain machinery and tools, and as a base for
additives of such products and coal.
liquid insecticide sprays. A single multiple-use type is
procured under Federal Specification VV-K-21 1. A
deodorized type, which is used as a base for insecticide
contaminant A foreign substance in a product.
sprays, is procured under Specification VV-K-220.
contaminated product A product in which one
or more grades or types of products have been
supplies.
inadvertently mixed, or a product containing
foreign matter, such as dust, dirt, rust water, or
petroleum Crude oil. Petroleum is a mixture of gaseous,
liquid, and semisolid hydrocarbons varying widely in
gravity and complexity. Petroleum can be removed as a
product of some material not normally present.
liquid from underground reservoirs, and it can be
Common contaminants are water, dirt, sand,
separated into various fractions by distillation and
rust, mill scale, and other petroleum products.
recovery. Petroleum is a general term that includes all
petroleum fuels, lubricants, and specialties.
diesel fuel A hydrocarbon fuel used in diesel
engines. Diesel fuels used by the armed forces
are manufactured under two specifications:
petroleum fuels, lubricants, hydraulic and insulating oils,
W-F-800 and MIL-F16884.
temporary protectives, liquid and compressed gases,
chemical products, liquid coolants, deicing and antifreeze
compounds, together with components and additives of
filter/separator A device used to separate both
such products.
solid contaminants and water from a petroleum
fuel.
specific gravity The ratio of the weight of any quantity of
matter, a petroleum product for example, to the weight of
flammable A term describing any combustible
an equal quantity of water; usually determined by use of a
material which can be ignited easily and which
hydrometer.
will burn rapidly. Petroleum products which
have flash points of WOO Fahrenheit (37.80
Celsius) or lower are classed as flammable.
unlike substances and in the atmosphere; contrasted with
voltaic or current electricity.
flash point The lowest temperature at which a
liquid petroleum product gives off vapor in
vapor Any gas-like form of a substance that is normally a
sufficient concentration to ignite (that is, flash)
solid or a liquid; any gaseous substance that can be
on application of a flame under specified
condensed by cooling or compression.
conditions.
jet fuel Fuel meeting the required properties for
use in jet engines and aircraft turbine engines.
Jet fuels are procured for the armed forces in
several grades. The most important grades are
A-2
QM 5095
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