Convert the following SG into API:
SG
API
.8445
36.1
.7252
63.6
.8112
42.9
f. Volume Correction to 60F. Volume correction is the correction of a measured quantity of
product, determined by gaging at observed temperature and gravity, and referenced to a gage table, to
net quantity of product at 60F after deducting bottom water and sediment. After determining API at
60F, and using the average temperature of the product in the tank (measured during gaging), correct the
fuel volume by using a volume correction factor obtained in ASTM Table 5B. Corrected volume =
(Innage - BS&W) x CF
g. Feet of Head: The measure of pressure in terms of height of a column of a given fuel is known as
feet of head (Hf). While this is a direct correlation to PSI (pounds per square inch), it is useful to us in
the petroleum field in that we can measure friction loss pressures over distances with feet of head, while
PSI can only measure pressure at one given point.
(1)
Converting Feet of Head (Hf) to PSI:
Head (Hf) X SG
Pressure (PSI) = ----------------------
2.31
(2)
Converting PSI to Feet of Head (Hf):
2.31 X Pressure(PSI)
Feet of Head (Hf) = ---------------------------
SG
Determine the feet of head:
PSI
SG
Hf
20
0.7250
63.7
60
0.8420
164.6
100
0.8035
287.5
Determine pressure in PSI:
Hf
SG
PSI
120
0.7040
36.6
205
0.7777
69.0
500
0.8250
178.6
4. Basic Principle of Military Pipeline Systems.
Now that you have refreshed your memory on basic mathematical equations, you should feel
comfortable with what is to come. After all, one of the most complex, challenging, and interesting
aspects of petroleum operations is the study of hydraulics. Yet, knowing the basics will lead you
through successful completion of this course, plus provide valuable guidance and knowledge for your
use throughout you career as a petroleum leader head loss due to friction.
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QM5203
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