Mandatory anchor points are located:
Always between expansion loops to direct expansion into the loops.
On the first or second section of pipe outside pump stations at the
launcher and receiver assemblies.
On the first section of pipe downstream of gate and/or check valves in
the pipeline.
On the first or second section of pipe on both sides of elbows that
change the direction of the pipeline (both horizontal and vertical).
Anchors must be located at the bottom of a hill with the expansion loop
up the hill. There must be no more than 15 sections of pipe hanging
downhill from an anchor.
Pipe support and guides.
Must be installed where required to ensure
that joint alignment is maintained. Pipe supports and guides may be
constructed to pickets, sandbags, or other available materials. Sandbags,
if used, should always be stacked in a pyramid to provide support during
pipe movement; never stack one on top of the other. Pickets are used to
keep the pipeline from slipping downhill when laid along a slope. There
are 225 pickets and 2,000 sandbags in each 5-mile set. Obstacle
crossings include:
Road crossing. Ensure that personnel use existing culverts whenever
possible. Make sure that the cross sectional area of the culvert is
not significantly reduced as this may prevent or restrict the run-off
of water. Eighty linear feet (eight 2-foot halves) of 24-inch
diameter, nestable, corrugated steel culvert are included in each 5-
mile pipeline set.
Critical gap crossing kit. To aid in crossing gaps along the trace in
difficult terrain, a special critical gap crossing kit has been
developed and added to the IPDS operational stocks. The kit consists
of 4-inch steel pipe, cross beams, braces, and roller assemblies. The
steel pipe can be cut/welded to any length required. A kit has enough
material to cross up to a 250-foot of gap.
PART D - PUMP STATION OPERATION
Pump stations are located along the pipeline to boost the pressure of the
fuels flow. Maintaining adequate pressure is a must. Without adequate
pressure, the flow of fuel would decrease to a point that little or no
fuel would reach the head terminal.
Information source for pumping order.
All users of military fuel in
the theater are required to forecast their fuel requirements. These are
consolidated at all levels, giving the theater fuel activity estimated
fuel requirements at each terminal. The pipeline dispatcher uses this
information to schedule fuel flow into each terminal, ensuring that
enough fuel is on hand to meet expected demand. The dispatcher sets up a
schedule which includes the type and quantity of fuel, flow rate, and the
batch number assigned to that fuel shipment. The batch number is a
designation given to each fuel shipment. One of the most common ways of
assigning batch numbers to fuel shipments is to assign a number to a type
12-79
QM 5099
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