Additional 9.5-foot pipe sections.
PART B - QUALITY SURVEILLANCE
Quality surveillance (QS) includes all procedures used by operators of the TPT to ensure petroleum products
received, stored, and dispensed by the IPDS meet the minimum specifications when delivered to the user.
Quality control (QC) is the inspection performed by refinery personnel to monitor the production of a
particular petroleum product. Quality assurance (QA) is the Army's program to determine if a refinery or
other source has fulfilled its contract concerning the quantity and quality of petroleum products. QA is
complete when the product is accepted by the Army and becomes Army-owned. QS consists of the
measures taken to ensure that petroleum products, which have been accepted by the Army, are still of the
required quality when delivered to the user. QS is the responsibility of the organization having physical
possession of the Army-owned products.
Sample Points. The high-pressure fuel sampling assembly is installed in the pipeline one-half to one
mile upstream from the TPT. This assembly is used to spot the interface as it approaches the TPT and to
give advance warning of its arrival.
The low-pressure fuel sampling assembly is installed in the header, feeding the TPT switching manifold
from the pipeline. The primary use of this fuel sampling assembly is to check incoming fuel and establish the
end or last of the interface between batches of different specification fuel. It can also be used to spot sample
and check the quality of incoming fuel and to draw samples for laboratory testing.
The water detector kit adapter is in the discharge line of each filter separator. The primary purpose is to
check the quality and make sure no water is carried over the dispensing assembly. Samples from the adapter
using the aviation fuel contamination test kit are taken downstream of each filter separator to ensure that the
filter separators are performing properly and customers are provided quality fuel that meets specification.
Test once every 4 hours of operation of dispensing assembly.
Perform three checks at 15-minute intervals after filter separator is first put into operation or whenever
the elements are changed.
PART C - PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION
Pipeline Installation. The aluminum pipe used in the IPDS is highly susceptible to heat. Changes in
temperature cause the pipe to expand and to contract. This tendency requires pipeline installation to follow
certain rules exactly. The pipeline must be installed as straight and level as possible. Any desired turns or
changes in direction must be made using elbows, vertical as well as horizontal directions. Anchors are used
to direct expansion and contraction of the pipeline into expansion and contraction devices. Aluminum pipe is
subject to thermal expansion that can overstress couplings and cause breaks in the pipeline. Since the
pipeline will be installed above ground, the pipe will move as it expands and contracts with temperature
variation. In some geographical locations where the pipeline may be used, the temperature can vary by as
much as 100 degrees Fahrenheit in 24 hours, which can cause an expansion of up to 20 inches for 50
sections of pipe. Expansion can cause the pipeline to fail at a coupling if side pressure deflects the joint more
than 4 degrees. This expansion must be controlled and directed to spots specifically designed to move with
pipeline expansion and contraction.
Controlling Expansion and Contraction. To control this expected expansion/contraction
movement, the pipeline must be equipped with anchors and expansion devices. The anchor fixes the
pipeline to the ground and directs any expansion towards the expansion device. The flex in the couplings at
the elbows allow these devices to move without breaking the integrity of the pipeline. In a desert
environment, where the temperature change can be anywhere from 50 to 100 degrees, there must be a
maximum of 50 sections of pipe between expansion/contraction devices, with an anchor in between. In a
more temperate environment with an expected temperature change of less than 50 degrees, the distance
between expansion/contraction devices can be extended up to 100 sections of pipe. There still must be an
anchor between devices. The pipeline must be laid in an anchor - expansion device - anchor sequence with
the anchor just outside of each pump station starting the sequence. Expansion loops on hills should be no
more than 15 sections of pipe hanging downhill from an anchor.
2-7
QM 5096
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